مروری بربسته‌بندی پلاستیک‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر سنتزی

قیافه شیرزادی, آسیه; صداقت, ناصر

مروری بربسته‌بندی پلاستیک‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر سنتزی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

¹ دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² استاد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

سال‌ها است که پلاستیک‌های معمولی برای کاربردهای بسته‌بندی در بخش‌های مختلف تولید و استفاده می‌شوند. با افزایش صنایع غذایی، تقاضا برای بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی نیز افزایش یافته است. بااین‌حال، پلاستیک‌های ساخته شده از نفت تجزیه‌ناپذیر است و مشکلات زیست‌محیطی شدیدی را برای محیط‌ زیست ایجاد کرده است. پلیمرهای زیستی یا زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر به‌عنوان یک رویکرد جایگزین برای بسیاری از کاربردهای صنعتی از جمله بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی و همچنین کنترل خطرات ناشی از پلاستیک غیرقابل تجزیه است. با توجه به نوع ماده‌ی اولیه، آن‌ها به‌عنوان پلیمرهای استخراج‌شده از ترکیبات زیست‌توده، سنتز شده از مونومرها و تولیدشده از میکروارگانیسم‌ها طبقه‌بندی می‌شوند. کیفیت بیوپلیمرها به خواص فیزیکی، مکانیکی، حرارتی بستگی دارد. بررسی حاضر مروری بر ویژگی‌های پلیمرهای زیستی مختلف و ترکیبات آن‌ها، مقایسه‌ی خواص بین پلیمرهای زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر و زیست پلیمری است و همچنین به پژوهش‌های اخیر و روش‌های نوآورانه برای استفاده از این نوع پلاستیک‌ها جهت بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی و مسمومیت پلاستیک‌های زیست‌توده اشاره‌ شده است که در نتیجه می‌توان به این موارد اشاره کرد که پلیمرهای زیست‌‌تخریب‌پذیر به کاهش اثرات زیست‌محیطی پلاستیک‌ها کمک می‌کند و همچنین به دلیل استفاده از ضایعات کشاورزی به‌عنوان مواد اولیه برای ساخت این‌گونه بسته‌بندی، فرصت بسیار خوبی به جهت افزایش ارزش افزوده وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.22286675.1401.13.50.6.7

موضوعات

بسته بندی زیست تخریب پذیر

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Overview of the Packaging of Synthetic Biodegradable Plastics

نویسندگان [English]

Asiyeh Ghiafeh shirzadi ¹
N. Sedaghat ²

¹ Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Agriculture faculty, food science department

چکیده [English]

Ordinary plastics have been produced and used for many years for packaging applications in various sectors. With the growth of the food industry, the demand for food packaging has also grown. However, the plastics made from petroleum are non-degradable, which has created severe bio environmental problems for the environment. Biodegradable polymers are an alternative approach to many industrial applications including food packaging, as well as risk control for non-biodegradable plastics. According to the type of the raw material, they are classified in one of the following categories: polymers extracted from biomass compounds, polymers synthesized from monomers and polymers produced from microorganisms. The quality of biopolymers depends on their physical, mechanical and thermal properties. The present study is an overview of the properties of different biopolymers and their compounds, comparing the properties of biodegradable polymers and biopolymers. The recent research works and innovative methods for the use of these plastics for food packaging and biomass plastic poisoning have also been studied and presented, concluding that biodegradable polymers help reduce the environmental impacts of plastics. It is worth mentioning that as the plastics from agricultural waste are used as raw materials for making this kind of packaging, there is a great opportunity to increase added value.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Synthesis
Biodegradable
Polymer
Properties
Production Method of Bioplastics

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