پلاستیک‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر مبتنی بر پلی‌ساکارید: نشاسته ، سلولز و مشتقات آن

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

پلاستیک‌های مصنوعی موادی بسیار متنوع، مناسب و فراوان هستند که می‌توان از آن‌ها برای ایجاد محصولات متنوع استفاده کرد، اما استفاده گسترده از آن‌ها باعث آسیب فزاینده به سیاره زمین می‌شود. در نتیجه، تلاش‌های قابل توجهی برای توسعه مواد زیست‌تخریب‌پذیرتر و سازگار با محیط زیست صورت گرفته است. پلی‌ساکاریدهای تجدیدپذیر سازگار با محیط زیست و کامپوزیت‌های آنها الزامات شیمی سبز را برآورده می‌کنند که به‌طور گسترده برای کاربردهای بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر استفاده شده است. پلی‌ساکاریدهای تجدیدپذیر شامل سلولز، نانوسلولز، همی‌سلولز، کیتوزان، نشاسته، پکتین و غیره است. در این بررسی، اهمیت، کاربرد، عملکرد، خواص و ویژگی‌های نشاسته، سلولز و مشتقات آن برای بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. همچنین، روش‌های سنتی و نوین از جمله اکستروژن، الکتروریسی و خودآرایی لایه به لایه برای پردازش مواد زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر مبتنی بر نشاسته و سلولز و مواد افزودنی برای افزایش عملکرد و بهبود نقطه ضعف آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of Biodegradable Plastics Based on Polysaccharide: Starch, Cellulose and its Derivatives

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ebrahimzadeh 1
  • Nasser Sedaghat 2
1 Food Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
2 Food Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Synthetic plastics are very versatile, convenient and abundant materials that can be used to create a variety of products, but their widespread use causes increasing damage to the planet and leads to the wastage of natural resources. Hence, researchers have made significant efforts to develop more biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials. Eco friendly and cost-effective renewable polysaccharides and their composites meet the requirements of green chemistry, and thus have been widely used for biodegradable food packaging applications. Renewable polysaccharides include cellulose, nanocellulose, hemicellulose, chitosan, starch, pectin, etc. In this review, the importance, application, performance, properties and characteristics of starch and cellulose and its derivatives for food packaging are discussed. Moreover, traditional and modern techniques for processing biodegradable materials based on starch and cellulose such as solution casting, extrusion, reactive extrusion, electrospinning and layer-by-layer self-assembly have been investigated and some additives have been examined to improve the performance and compensate the weak points.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodegradable Films
  • Polysaccharide
  • Starch
  • Cellulose and its Derivatives
  • Packaging Preparation Techniques

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