استفاده از اسانس های روغنی در فیلم ها و پوشش های زیست تجزیه پذیر برای بسته بندی فعال مواد غذایی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس آزمایشگاه غذا و دارو- دانشگاه علوم ‌پزشکی شیراز. نویسنده مسئول

2 دکتری، استاد یار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران

چکیده

مشتقات مواد نفتی مانند پلاستیک ­ها مشکلات زیست محیطی جدّی را به وجودآورده ­اند. به همین منظور، تحقیقات اخیر بر روی بهبود بسته­ بندی خوراکی زیست تجزیه­پذیر برای موادغذایی تأکید دارند. تولید این نوع بسته­بندی جدید، نیازمند بررسی تأثیر هر یک از اجزای تشکیل­ دهندۀ مادۀ بسته­بندی بر روی ویژگی­ های اساسی آن است. اسانس ­های روغنی ترکیبات حائز اهمیتی جهت استفاده در بسته ­بندی زیست تجزیه ­پذیر مواد غذایی داشته که این اساساً به دلیل طبیعی بودن و خواص عملکردی (آنتی­اکسیدان/ضدمیکروبی) آن­ها است و ممکن است خاصیت خوراکی- زیست تجزیه پذیری فیلم­ها در بسته ­بندی مواد غذایی بر خواص مختلف (ظاهر، بافت و...) تأثیر بگذارد که همۀ این عوامل مستقیماً روی مشتری­ پسندی محصول نیز تأثیرخواهد داشت. هدف این مقاله مرور آخرین یافته ­ها در مورد چگونگی تأثیر اسانس ­های روغنی بر روی ویژگی ­های فیلم ­ها و پوشش ­های خوراکی از جمله ساختار مولکولی، خواص فیزیکی(بافت، ممانعت ­کنندگی و ظاهر)، ویژگی ­های  آنتی ­اکسیدانی و ضدمیکروبی است. آنچه که تاکنون از مطالعات مختلف حاصل شده است این است که  اسانس­ های روغنی بر روی یکپارچگی ماتریس پلیمر تأثیر می­ گذارند و این امر بسته به نوع واکنش روغن و پلیمر منجر به بروز تغییرات فیزیکی می ­شود. به طور کلی، ساختار فیلم با افزودن روغن تضعیف می­ شود در صورتی که خاصیت ضد­آبی آن تقویت می ­شود و شفافیت فیلم کاهش می ­یابد. اسانس ­های روغن می­توانند خواص آنتی ­اکسیدانی و ضد میکروبی را در فیلم ایجاد نمایند. ترکیب اسانس و واکنش­ های روغن- پلیمر تأثیر آن را به عنوان یک جزء فعال تعیین می ­نماید.

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