لزوم توجّه به مهار کالا در کانتینرها و نقش آن در بسته بندی های حمل و نقلی

امام‌پور, مصطفی

لزوم توجّه به مهار کالا در کانتینرها و نقش آن در بسته بندی های حمل و نقلی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسنده

مصطفی امام‌پور

دانشجوی دکتری، رشته حفاظت و اصلاح چوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات

چکیده

با توجه به نقش بستهبندی در حفاظت و نگهداری کالا که بیشترین ضرورت و اهمیت را به خود اختصاص داده است؛ اما متأسفانه در توجّه به اجرای بستهبندی کالا، نقاط ضعف فراوانی مشاهده میشود. عدم توجّه به اصول صحیح اجرای مهار بار در واحد بستهبندی حمل و نقلی باعث وارد آمدن صدمات و خسارت فراوان به کالا در هنگام جابهجایی و انتقال، میشود. هنگام ﻣﻬﺎر بستهبندیهای حمل و نقلی، ﻛﻠﻴه ﺑﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺟﻬﺎت ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ باشند، ضمن اینکه باید ﺑﺎ زاوﻳه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻬﺎر ﺑﺎرﻫﺎ توجّه به ﻣﺴئله اﻳﺠﺎد اﺻﻄﻜﺎک و اﻋﻤﺎل ﻧﻴﺮوی ﻋﻤﻮدی، شرط مهم ﻣﻬﺎر بستهبندی حمل و نقلی ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. چنانچه زاوﻳﻪای ﻛﻪ ﺑﻨﺪ در راﺳﺘﺎی اﻓﻖ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزد، ﺑﻪ زاوﻳه ﻋﻤﻮد ﻧﺰدیک‌تر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻧﻴﺮوی ﻓﺸﺎری ﺑﻨﺪ، ﺑﺰرگ‌تر و ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﺑﻨﺪ، در ﻣﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر، ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. بدین منظور، آشنایی با روشها و رویهها، مواد، تجهیزات و فنون مهار بستهبندی حملونقلی در انواع وسایل حملونقلی از جمله نکات مهمی میباشد که در این مقاله به آن پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.22286675.1398.10.40.3.3

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Need to Pay Attention to Container Load Restraint and Its Role in Transport Packaging

نویسنده [English]

Mostafa Emampour

Department of Conservation and Modified Wood - Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch (Tehran) Iran. Ph. D Student

چکیده [English]

Due to the role of packaging in protecting and maintaining the goods that are most in need and importance, but unfortunately, there are many weak points regarding the implementation of product packaging. Failure to pay attention to the correct principles of the implementation of load restraint in the transport packaging unit causes damages to the goods during moving and transfer. In the case of harnessing the transport packages, all loads and bands must be in the opposite direction with any possible movement, and must be closed at an appropriate angle. During load restraint, attention to the issue of creating friction and applying vertical force will be the criterion for controlling the transport packaging. If the angle of the strap is in the horizontal direction closer to the perpendicular angle, then the compressive force of the strap will be larger and the strap efficiency will be greater during load restraint. For this purpose, familiarity with the various methods and procedures, materials and equipment, and the techniques for controlling the transportation of packaging in various types vehicles is one of the important points discussed in this article.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Transport Packaging
Load Restraint
Damage
Cost reduction
Safety

مراجع

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3. Hapag – Lloyd Container Line Special Cargo Department rosenstrasse 17. D-20095 Hamburg.Germany . “Container packing,”

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9. IMO/ILO/UNECE Code of practice for packing of cargo transport units(CTU Code)., final draft of group of experts, (2014-01-31). “Transport quality manual ,Requirements for handling and transportation of general cargo.,” This manual was developed in cooperation between Volvo group and mariterm AB, July 2014.

10. GDFPC-R-(2011-10-0124-9)- (21-22 February 2011) “Safery in the supply chain relation to packing of containers,” En.doc/v2. International labour organization sectoral activities department.

11. MIL-STD-648B., (1 April 1994). “Military standard dedign guidelines for specialized shipping containers.”. Information Handling Services, DODSTD Issue DW9702. superseding MIL-STD-648A .5 July 1983.