ردیابی بسته‌بندی‌ در زنجیره تأمین بر پایه فناوری اینترنت‌اشیاء و بلاک‌چین

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

امروزه ایمنی یکی از مهم‌ترین مسایل در صنعت مواد غذایی و از دیدگاه مصرف‌کننده محسوب می‌شود. در این میان واحدهای بسته‌بندی و صنعت حمل‌و‌نقل از جمله نقاط بحرانی به حساب می‌آیند چرا که محصول غذایی ممکن است به سادگی دستخوش آلودگی‌های محیطی شود. بدین منظور فناوری‌های پیشرو همچون اینترنت اشیاء و بلاک‌چین پا به عرصه حضور نهادند. اشیاء مجهز به حسگرهای مختلف (دما، رطوبت، موقعیت مکانی و غیره) با به‌کارگیری اینترنت اشیاء، فناوری چاپ دیجیتال و ارتباطات اینترنتی ایجاد می‌شوند، بدین‌ترتیب سیستم مدیریت ایمنی می‌تواند محصولات غذایی را حین بسته‌بندی، حمل‌و‌نقل، خرده‌فروشی و سرویس‌دهی به مصرف‌کنندگان ردیابی و رهگیری کند.معمولاً اطلاعات مربوط به معاملات تجاری می‌تواند دستخوش تغییرات شود از این‌رو فناوری بلا‌ک‌چین برای ثبت، رهگیری، و نمایش اطلاعات صحیح در چندین مبدأ (رایانه) برای دسترس تمام اعضا معرفی شد. فناوری بلاک‌چین اساساً یک محیط با شفافیت کاری بالا است که فواید بسیاری شامل کاهش فساد و به حداقل رساندن ضایعات، جلوگیری از تقلب و دست‌کاری محصول بسته‌بندی‌شده، تأیید محصول ارگانیک و محصولی با منشأ تجاری مشخص، و فراخوانی محصولات آلوده فراهم می‌کند. این مقاله با هدف معرفی فناوری‌های بر پایه بلاک‌چین و اینترنت اشیاء برای ردیابی و رهگیری بسته‌بندی در زنجیره تأمین مواد غذایی نگاشته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Tracing of Packages in Supply Chain Based on IoT and Blockchain Technologies

نویسنده [English]

  • Maryam Ravaghi
Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, safety is one of the most important principles in food industry and consumer preference. Regarding this issue, packaging units and transport industry are among the most critical points because food products can be contaminated easily by environmental factors. For this purpose, cutting edge technologies such as IoT (Internet of things) and blockchain are emerged. Smart things equipped with different sensors (temperature, humidity, location and etc.) can be created by using IoT, digital printing technologies and internet connection therefore safety management system can track and trace food products during packaging, transportation, retailing and consumer service. Usually data of transactions are susceptible to alteration so blockchain technology was introduced to record, track, and display accurate information in multiple nodes (computers) for all members' access. Blockchain technology makes a radically transparent environment with different advantages such as minimizing food spoilage and wastage, inhibition of fraud and tampering of packages, certifying organic and fair-trade origins of products, and recalling of contaminated products. This paper introduces the IoT and blockchain based technologies for tracking and tracing of packages in food supply chain.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • IoT
  • Food packaging
  • Modern transportation
  • Traceability
  • Blockchain technology
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