انواع تکنیک‌های اصلاح کردن پلاستیک‌های زیست تخریب‌پذیر مبتنی بر نشاسته

صداقت, ناصر; ابر اهیم‌زاده, علی

انواع تکنیک‌های اصلاح کردن پلاستیک‌های زیست تخریب‌پذیر مبتنی بر نشاسته

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

¹ استاد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

نشاسته مهم‌ترین پلی‌ساکاریدی است که به‌طور گسترده برای تهیه‌ فیلم‌های زیست تخریب‌پذیر استفاده می‌شود. فیلم‌های مبتنی بر نشاسته انعطاف‌پذیر و قوی هستند، اما گروه‌های هیدروکسیل آزاد در ساختار نشاسته، فیلم‌ها را آب‌دوست می‌کند و بخاطر استحکام مکانیکی و کششی پایین، کاربرد نشاسته را در صنعت بسته‌بندی محدود می‌کند. هدف از این بررسی راه‌های بهبود خواص فیلم‌های تشکیل شده از نشاسته است. بطور کلی با استفاده از تکنیک‌های اصلاح از جمله استفاده از نرم‌کننده‌ها، کوپلیمرها، نانوکامپوزیت‌ها و ترکیب با سایر بیوپلیمر‌ها میتوان خصوصیات میکانیکی فیلم‌های نشاسته را بهبود بخشید. یا با اصلاح ساختار خود نشاسته بهروش شیمیایی (اتصالات عرضی، استری کردن و اکسیدکردن) خصوصیات عملکردی نشاسته را تغییر داد تا منجر به بهبود فیلم‌های تهیه شده از آن، از جمله کاهش جذب رطوبت، نفوذپذیری به بخار آب، پایداری حرارتی، افزایش آبگریزی و ... شود. اخیرا از فرآیند‌های غیر حرارتی مخصوصا پلاسمای سرد برای بهبود فیلم‌های نشاسته استفاده شده است که نتایج قابل قبولی را ارائه داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.22286675.1401.13.49.1.0

موضوعات

بسته بندی زیست تخریب پذیر

عنوان مقاله [English]

Types of Techniques for Modifying Starch-Based Biodegradable Plastics

نویسندگان [English]

N. Sedaghat ¹
Ali Ebrahimzadeh ²

¹ ferdosi mashhah

² Food Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

The growing concerns about wasting natural resources and the increasing enviromental issues in the world due to the usage of petro-based materials, have led to the advent of bio-degeradable material usage for food packaging.Starch is one the most important polysaccharides which has been widely used for bio-degeradable-film production. the starch-based films are flexible and strong, but the presence of free hydroxyl groups in starch structure, is the reasonf for these films to be hydrophil and due to reduced mechanical strenght and low elasticity is limiting the usage of starch in packaging industries.The purpose of this study is to find ways to improve the properties of films composed of starch. In general, modification techniques, including plastic softners, co-polymers, nano-composites and mixing with other bio-polymers it is possible to modify the functional properties of starch to obtain better films from it. some of these favorable properties are: reducing moisture absorption, water vapour permiability, heat stability, increasing the hydrophobicity, etc. recently, Non-thermal processes specially cold-plasma have been used for modifying the starch films with good results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Plasticizer
Co-Polymer
Nanocomposites
Chemical Modification
Non-Thermal Modification

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